This an example of using ratio and proportion and is discussed further in Similar shapes. The following two triangles are similar. Find the lengths p and q to one decimal place. First find the ratio ...

The chart above shows the male-female test score ratio for the 2009 SAT math test (data here). For example, for perfect scores of 800, males (6,928) outnumbered females (3,124) by a ratio of 2.22 to 1 ...