A flexible surgical robot that can adjust its stiffness guarantees safe operation by satisfying both the high flexibility required when the robot approaches a surgical target and the more stiffness ...

The successful tissue integration of a biomedical material is mainly determined by the inflammatory response after implantation. Macrophage behavior toward implanted materials is pivotal to determine ...

In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a new method for local cell stiffness measurement using multiple probes system. Thin glass pipettes were employed to measure the stiffness of cells on a ...