Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

Directional modulation (DM) has emerged as a highly promising physical layer security technique that embeds confidential information into the spatial characteristics of the transmitted signal. By ...

In Part 3 of RF Fundamentals, we will focus on the challenges related to the need to generate and demodulate analog and digitally modulated signals in the RF signal chain. We’ll review CW signal ...

LONDON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Spirent Communications plc (LSE:SPT), the world leader in global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) testing solutions, today announced the launch of its enhanced GSS9000 ...

Eliminating software adjustments in circuits based on digital logic improves robustness and reduces cost for small-production-run series. This circuit is a cost-improved version of classical QPSK ...