Abstract: We introduce the concept of sine-cosine optical frequency detection (OFD) for measuring fast optical frequency variations with the ultra-high spectral resolution for applications requiring ...

Amid the chaos of revolutionary France, one man’s mathematical obsession gave way to a calculation that now underpins much of ...

Abstract: This paper focuses on developing an exponentially weighted sine cosine algorithm that helps achieve faster convergence and better global optimal solutions. The proposed algorithm has been ...