Traditional spatial structure analysis methods, such as the nearest four trees (NFT) or Voronoi diagrams, lack the directional precision needed to capture localized competition effects on crown shape.

Traditional spatial structure analysis methods, such as the nearest four trees (NFT) or Voronoi diagrams, lack the directional precision needed to capture localized competition effects on crown shape.

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Buttress length is associated with same-side crown radius. These results contradict findings in studies of other species of trees where buttresses point into the wind and are presumed to function as ...

A combination of the Q wave, R wave and S wave, the “QRS complex” represents ventricular depolarization. This term can be confusing, as not all ECG leads contain all three of these waves; yet ...

The flood’s impact was so severe that large trees, structures, and even the Army’s helipad were swept away, turning the area into a vast water-filled basin resembling a lake.